Simple question about fhevm

  1. Why is the Gateway implemented as an Arbitrum rollup?

  2. Do the coprocessors need to act as L1 nodes as well, or can they operate independently?

  3. It seems that ZAMA tokens are not currently required when making encryption or decryption requests. Are these operations free for now?

  4. When a homomorphic operation request is submitted on L1 and an event is emitted for the corresponding ciphertext handle, who is responsible for watching the event and triggering the actual execution request — the Gateway or the coprocessors? (Similar to question 2)

Why are the KMS, Coprocessor, and Gateway separated in Zama’s architecture? Are they operated by different entities?